Search results for "model [neutrino]"

showing 10 items of 1203 documents

Isolated roundings and flattenings of submanifolds in Euclidean spaces

2005

We introduce the concepts of rounding and flattening of a smooth map $g$ of an $m$-dimensional manifold $M$ to the euclidean space $\R^n$ with $m<n$, as those points in $M$ such that the image $g(M)$ has contact of type $\Sigma^{m,\dots,m}$ with a hypersphere or a hyperplane of $\R^n$, respectively. This includes several known special points such as vertices or flattenings of a curve in $\R^n$, umbilics of a surface in $\R^3$, or inflections of a surface in $\R^4$.

Surface (mathematics)Euclidean spaceGeneral MathematicsImage (category theory)Mathematical analysisEuclidean distance matrixHypersphereType (model theory)53A05Manifoldheight function53A07CombinatoricsDistance from a point to a plane58K05Distance squared functionMathematicsTohoku Mathematical Journal
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Automorphisms of $mathbb{A}^{1}$-fibered affine surfaces

2011

We develop technics of birational geometry to study automorphisms of affine surfaces admitting many distinct rational fibrations, with a particular focus on the interactions between automorphisms and these fibrations. In particular, we associate to each surface S of this type a graph encoding equivalence classes of rational fibrations from which it is possible to decide for instance if the automorphism group of S is generated by automorphisms preserving these fibrations.

Surface (mathematics)Graph encodingPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsFibered knotBirational geometryType (model theory)AutomorphismMathematics::Algebraic TopologyMathematics::Group TheoryMathematics::Algebraic GeometryAffine transformationddc:510Focus (optics)Mathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematics
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H∞ sliding mode control for uncertain neutral-type stochastic systems with Markovian jumping parameters

2015

This paper is devoted to the investigation of H ∞ sliding mode control (SMC) for uncertain neutral stochastic systems with Markovian jumping parameters and time-varying delays. A sliding surface functional is firstly constructed. Then, the sliding mode control law is designed to guarantee the reachability of the sliding surface in a finite-time interval. The sufficient conditions for asymptotically stochastic stability of sliding mode dynamics with a given disturbance attenuation level are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

Surface (mathematics)Information Systems and ManagementAttenuationMode (statistics)Interval (mathematics)Type (model theory)Sliding mode controlComputer Science ApplicationsTheoretical Computer ScienceArtificial IntelligenceControl and Systems EngineeringReachabilityControl theorySoftwareMathematicsMarkovian jumpingInformation Sciences
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Roughening of the Cu(110) surface

1993

The structure of the Cu(110) surface is studied at high temperatures using a combination of lattice-gas Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics methods with identical many-atom interactions derived from the effective medium theory. The anisotropic six-vertex model is used in the interpretation of the lattice-gas results. We find a clear roughening transition around T_R=1000K and T_R/T_M=0.81. Molecular dynamics reveals the clustering of surface defects as the atomistic mechanism of the transition and allows us to estimate characteristic time scales. For the system of size 50x50, the time scale of the local roughening at 1150 K of an initially smooth surface is of the order of 100 ps.

Surface (mathematics)Materials scienceCondensed Matter (cond-mat)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesInterpretation (model theory)Molecular dynamicsTransition metalPhase (matter)Vacancy defect0103 physical sciencesAnisotropy010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed matter physicsOrder (ring theory)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopperSmooth surfaceCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters
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Approximation von extremalflächenstücken (hyperbolischen typs) durch charakteristische räumliche vierecke

1982

We consider solutions z of the Cauchy-problem for hyperbolic Euler-Lagrange equations derived from a general Lagrangian f(x, y, z; zx, zy) in two independent variables x, y. z is supposed to be an extremal of the corresponding variational problem. Visualizing z as a surface in R3 we give a geometric interpretation of Lewy's well-known characteristic approximation scheme for the numerical solution of second order hyperbolic equations by approximating z via a polyhedral construction built up from subunits which consist of two characteristic triangles having one side in common but lying on different planes in R3. Utilizing ideas from Cartan-geometry one can (in an appropriate sense) introduce …

Surface (mathematics)Mean curvatureMinimal surfaceGeneral MathematicsScheme (mathematics)Mathematical analysisGeneral EngineeringOrder (group theory)CurvatureHyperbolic partial differential equationInterpretation (model theory)MathematicsMathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
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Thermodynamics of Nanoparticles: Experimental Protocol Based on a Comprehensive Ginzburg-Landau Interpretation

2014

MATERIAUX+SMR:SDA; The effects of surface and interface on the thermodynamics of small particles require a deeper understanding. This step is crucial for the development of models that can be used for decision-making support to design nanomaterials with original properties. On the basis of experimental results for phase transitions in compressed ZnO nanoparticles, we show the limitations of classical thermodynamics approaches (Gibbs and Landau). We develop a new model based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory that requires the consideration of several terms, such as the interaction between nanoparticles, pressure gradients, defect density, and so on. This phenomenological approach sheds light on …

Surface (mathematics)Models MolecularPhase transitionCompressive StrengthInterface (Java)ThermodynamicsNanoparticleBioengineeringPhase TransitionInterpretation (model theory)Theoretical physics[ CHIM.CATA ] Chemical Sciences/CatalysisPressureGeneral Materials ScienceComputer SimulationStatistical physicsProtocol (object-oriented programming)Ginzburg landauBasis (linear algebra)ChemistryMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemistry[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/CatalysisCondensed Matter Physics[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and SocietyEnergy TransferModels ChemicalNanoparticlesThermodynamicsZinc Oxide[ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
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Spectroscopic evidence for a new type of surface resonance at noble metal surfaces

2020

We investigated the surface and bulk properties of the pristine (110) surface of silver using threshold photoemission by excitation with light of 5.9 eV. Using a momentum microscope, we identified two distinct transitions along the $\overline{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}\overline{\mathrm{Y}}$ direction of the crystal. The first one is a so far unknown surface resonance of the (110) noble-metal surface, exhibiting an exceptionally large bulk character that has so far been elusive in surface sensitive experiments. The second one stems from the well-known bulklike Mahan cone oriented along the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}L$ direction inside the crystal but projected onto the (110)-surface cu…

Surface (mathematics)PhotocurrentCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyResonanceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesType (model theory)engineering.materialMolecular physicsCrystalMomentumengineeringNoble metalExcitation
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Reply to "comment on 'Monte Carlo simulations for a Lotka-type model with reactant surface diffusion and interactions' ".

2002

As is well known, a wide class of physical problems, including the kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, is traditionally described in terms of the master equations ~ME!. The definition of ME allows us not only to perform Monte Carlo ~MC! simulations, but also to develop at the same time appropriate analytical methods @mean field~MF!, cluster approximations, etc. #@ 1#. ME is formally defined when all possible states of a system and the transition rates between these states are specified. This is enough to define only the transition rates K(i! j ) for such elementary processes as particle adsorption, desorption, diffusion, reaction, etc., from the initial state i to the final state…

Surface diffusionMonte Carlo methodMaster equationCluster (physics)State (functional analysis)Statistical physicsType (model theory)Diffusion (business)Random walkMathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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The range of non-surjective convolution operators on Beurling spaces

1996

AbstractLet μ ≠ 0 be an ultradistribution of Beurling type with compact support in the space . We investigate the range of the convolution operator Tμ on the space of non-quasianalytic functions of Beurling type associated with a weight w, in the case the operator is not surjective. It is proved that the range of TM always contains the space of real-analytic functions, and that it contains a smaller space of Beurling type for a weight σ ≥ ω if and only if the convolution operator is surjective on the smaller class.

Surjective functionDiscrete mathematicsPure mathematicsRange (mathematics)Operator (computer programming)General MathematicsType (model theory)Space (mathematics)Convolution powerMathematicsConvolutionGlasgow Mathematical Journal
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Business model innovation for the Sustainable Development Goals

2022

Business model innovation can be a key driver to realizing the transformation needed to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). At the same time, the SDGs can support organizations as they identify and tackle opportunities for business model innovation. This study uses a constructive research method to build a managerial approach that supports business model innovation for the SDGs. The approach helps organizations assess their contribution to the SDGs, explore and prioritize SDG-oriented business opportunities and risks, and formulate business model innovation strategies accordingly. The proposed approach was developed through participatory action research conducte…

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)Settore SECS-P/07 - Economia AziendaleStrategy and ManagementGeography Planning and Developmentbusiness model innovationManagement Monitoring Policy and LawBusiness and International Managementcorporate sustainabilityopportunitieriskBusiness Strategy and the Environment
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